The untrained soldiers tended to put on the Small Box Respirator when first confronted with a gas attack and then switch to the M2 when they realized they would have to wear it for a long time. The US Army issued its soldiers the British-made Small Box Respirator to protect against chemical attack, and the French-made M2 gas mask in case a mask had to be worn for an extended period of time. When the United States entered World War I in 1917, it was unprepared for chemical warfare. British forces were issued 6.2 million units of the second model between May and November 1916 and used it as late as August 1918. A second model introduced in April 1916 was produced in three different sizes and included two separate eyepieces, so folding it would not cause damage.
The first M2 model was produced in only one size and often incurred damage when it was folded for placement in a metal container. An order of 600,000 masks was produced in February 1916 and introduced for British forces the following month. The M2 mask was based on a design proposed in 1915 by René Louis Gravereaux of Paris. It was intended to protect the wearer from at least five hours' exposure to phosgene gas, a common chemical weapon of the time. The M2 was fabricated in large quantities, with about 29,300,000 being made during the war. The M2 gas mask was a French-made gas mask used by French, British and American forces from April 1916 to August 1918 during World War I. French-made gas mask American soldiers wearing M2 gas masks in a frontline trench (1919 postcard image)
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